Archaeosine is synthesized via three steps in tRNA. ArcS, the second-step enzyme, transfers a lysine to preQ 0, which is introduced into tRNA by ArcTGT, the first-step enzyme. The resultant preQ 0-Lys ...

During protein synthesis, the genetic information stored in DNA is first transcribed into mRNA. The mRNA then travels to the ribosome, where translation occurs. Here's how anticodons facilitate the ...

There are different kinds of ribonucleic acids that play essential roles in many aspects of molecular biology, including the creation of proteins from gene sequences in DNA. One type of ribonucleic ...

Transfer RNAs (tRNAs) deliver specific amino acids to ribosomes during translation of messenger RNA into proteins. The abundance of tRNAs can therefore have a profound impact on cell physiology, but ...

Most RNA modification enzymes recognize the three-dimensional structure around the target site of RNA and only rarely the RNA sequence itself. To investigate the substrate RNA specificity of ArcS, ...

The ribosome, that protein-making machine, relies on other, smaller machines. For example, it works in concert with a mechanism that supplies amino-acid-carrying tRNAs, including tRNAs that require ...

tRNAs have a distinct cloverleaf secondary structure and an L-shaped tertiary structure. The cloverleaf structure is formed by the folding of the single-stranded tRNA molecule, which is typically ...

Mitochondria are the power plants of cells, and they contain their own genetic material and RNA molecules. Scientists have now discovered that certain modifications in mitochondrial RNA boost the ...

Mitochondria are the power plants of cells, and they contain their own genetic material and RNA molecules. Scientists from the German Cancer Research Center (Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, DKFZ) ...