In this column, we take a closer look as to how timing and delays affect our logic circuits. As part of this, we start to consider the timing diagrams presented in data sheets. As I was writing my ...

DDR SDRAM technology has reached its 4th generation. The DDR4 SDRAM interface achieves a maximum data rate of 3.6Gbps per bit (i.e., clock rate of 1.8GHz). There are four key challenges in designing ...

Design, prototype and test individual projects involving microprocessors and related devices such as PAL/FPGA and special purpose ICs. Embedded-system tools such as special purpose compilers and ICE ...